Diferencias en los valores de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud obtenidos con las tarifas SF-6D de distintos países.

Revista ICADE, nº 99, pp. 105-133.

Autores: Jorge E. Martínez Pérez, Fernando I. Sánchez Martínez, José M. Abellán Perpiñán.

Abstract:

La medición de los resultados en salud de las intervenciones sanitarias es una
de las tareas críticas de los estudios de evaluación económica. Una de las opciones metodológicas más comunes consiste en obtener las medidas de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud a partir de algoritmos o ‘tarifas’ que asignan valores a los estados de salud, descritos según un instrumento de medida. Continuar leyendo «Diferencias en los valores de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud obtenidos con las tarifas SF-6D de distintos países.»

Esperanza de Vida Ajustada por la Calidad en España: una aproximación

Revista de Evaluación de Programas y Políticas Públicas, nº 6, pp. 28 – 48.

Autores: Jorge E. Martínez Pérez, Fernando I. Sánchez Martínez, José M. Abellán Perpiñán.

Abstract:

El objetivo de este trabajo es proporcionar una primera estimación de la Esperanza de Vida Ajustada por la Calidad para España. Esta medida sintética que combina cantidad y calidad de vida, puede ser un instrumento valioso para la evaluación de programas públicos destinados a aumentar la esperanza de vida y mejorar la calidad de vida de la población. Continuar leyendo «Esperanza de Vida Ajustada por la Calidad en España: una aproximación»

Validation and comparison of 15-D and EQ-5D-5L instruments in a Spanish Parkinson’s disease population sample

Quality of Life Research, vol. 23(4), pp. 1315 – 1326.

Autores: Miguel Ángel García-Gordillo, Borja del Pozo-Cruz, José Carmelo Adsuar, Fernando Ignacio Sánchez-Martínez, José María Abellán-Perpiñán.

Abstract
PURPOSE:

To contribute to the ongoing discussion on the choice of a preference-based health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument to be used in cost-effectiveness analysis by studying and comparing the validity, sensitivity and relative efficiency of 15-D and EuroQol 5D 5L (EQ-5D-5L) in a Spanish Parkinson’s disease (PD) population sample.

METHODS:

One hundred and thirty-three volunteers were asked to complete an interview using 15-D and EQ-5D-5L. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (r) was used to test the convergent validity of these instruments with specific PD measures. Sensitivity and efficiency were compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and relative efficiency statistic, respectively.

RESULTS:

A strong correlation (r > 0.65; p < 0.001) was found between both 15-D and EQ-5D-5L utilities with the summary score of the PDQ-8, and a strong correlation (r > 0.50; p < 0.001) was found between 15-D and EQ-5D-5L utilities with the EQ-VAS. The areas under the ROC of both instruments all exceeded 0.5 (p < 0.001). The 15-D instrument was 4.1-29.8 % less efficient at detecting differences between patients with optimal HRQoL, while this instrument was 11 % more efficient at detecting differences between patients at mild and moderate to strong severity of the PD symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS:

15-D and EQ-5D-5L are showed to be valid and sensitivity generic HRQoL measures in Spanish PD patients with both instruments showing similar HRQoL dimension coverage and ceiling/floor effects. The 15-D has better efficiency and greater sensitivity to detect clinical changes in PD severity of the symptoms meanwhile the EQ-5D-5L is better to detect clinical HRQoL changes. Additionally, the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire requires less time than 15-D to be administered, and it might be more appropriate for studies conducted in Spain, since a country-specific «value set» is available for this instrument and not for the 15-D.

La valoración monetaria de los costes humanos de la siniestralidad vial en España

Gaceta Sanitaria, vol. 29(S1), pp. 76 – 78.

Autores: Jorge E. Martínez Pérez, Fernando I. Sánchez Martínez, José M. Abellán Perpiñán, José Luis Pinto Prades

Abstract:

Los análisis coste-beneficio en el ámbito de la seguridad vial han de computar la totalidad de los costes, y dentro de ellos ocupan un lugar clave los costes humanos. En esta nota se da cuenta de dos estudios promovidos por la Dirección General de Tráfico orientados a la obtención de valores oficiales para España de los costes asociados a las víctimas mortales y no mortales de los accidentes de tráfico. Continuar leyendo «La valoración monetaria de los costes humanos de la siniestralidad vial en España»

Monetary valuation of informal care based on carers’ and noncarers’ preferences

Value in Health, vol. 18(6), pp. 832-840.

Autores: Silvia Garrido García, Fernando I. Sánchez Martínez, José M. Abellán Perpiñán, Job Van Exel

Abstract:

Objectives: To elicit willingness-to-accept (WTA) values for informal care based on the preferences of informal carers and noncarers. Methods: Two surveys were conducted with a sample of carers (n=202) and a sample of noncarers (n=200). Individuals in both groups were asked three questions in which they had to state the minimum monetary compensation they would require (WTA) if they had to look after a person described in a hypothetical scenario for one extra hour per day. Continuar leyendo «Monetary valuation of informal care based on carers’ and noncarers’ preferences»

Valuing QALYs at the end of life.

Social Science & Medicine, vol. 113, pp. 5 – 14.

Autores: Jose Luis Pinto Prades, Fernando Ignacio Sánchez Martínez, Belén Corbacho, Rachel Baker.

Abstract

The possibility of weighting QALYs differently for different groups of patients has been a source of debate. Most recently, this debate has been extended to the relative value of QALYs at the end of life (EoL). The objective of this study is to provide evidence of societal preferences in relation to this topic. Three cross-sectional surveys were conducted amongst Spanish general population (n = 813). Survey 1 compared increases in life expectancy for EoL patients with health gains from temporary health problems. Survey 2 compared health gains for temporary health problems with quality of life gains at the EoL (palliative care). Survey 3 compared increases in life expectancy with quality of life gains, both for EoL patients. Preferences were elicited using Person Trade-Off (PTO) and Willingness to pay (WTP) techniques presenting two different durations of health benefit (6 and 18 months). Health benefits, measured in QALYs, were held constant in all comparisons. In survey 1 mean WTP was higher for life extending treatments than for temporary health problems and the majority of respondents prioritised life extension over temporary health problems in response to the PTO questions. In survey 2 mean WTP was higher for palliative care than for temporary health problems and 83% prioritized palliative care (for both durations) in the PTO questions. In survey 3 WTP values were higher for palliative care than for life extending treatments and more than 60% prioritized palliative care in the PTO questions. Our results suggest that QALYs gained from EoL treatments have a higher social value than QALYs gained from treatments for temporary health problems. Further, we found that people attach greater weight to improvements in quality of life than to life extension at the end of life.

Análisis de la dispensación de medicamentos para el control de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la Región de Murcia: ¿existen diferencias de género?

Atención Primaria, vol. 46(3), pp. 147 – 155.

Autores: Diego P. Sánchez, José J. Guillén, Alberto M. Torres, Fernando I. Sánchez.

Objetivos

Analizar las diferencias por género y edad en el consumo de medicamentos para el control de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular.

Diseño

Estudio transversal de la dispensación de medicamentos.

Emplazamiento

Región de Murcia.

Medidas principales

Análisis descriptivo, estratificado por grupos de edad y sexo, del consumo de medicamentos expresado en dosis por 1.000 habitantes-día (DHD). Se calcularon las razones de DHD por edad y género comparándolas por tablas de contingencia complementadas con el test ji al cuadrado.

Resultados

La probabilidad de recibir tratamiento antiagregante aumenta con la edad, siendo las tasas de consumo superiores en hombres. En el caso de betabloqueantes y ARA II, su uso aumenta con la edad hasta los 79 años y el consumo es mayor en los hombres hasta los 65 años. La probabilidad de recibir tratamiento con antagonistas del calcio, IECA y estatinas aumenta con la edad, superando la proporción de hombres en tratamiento a la de mujeres en las edades tempranas, con tendencia a igualarse a partir de los 80 años.

Conclusiones

Este estudio pone de manifiesto que actualmente la prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular se centra en la población de 40 a 74 años. El acceso de la mujer al tratamiento cardiovascular se produce con un retraso de 3 a 5 años, por lo que deberían promoverse cambios para mejorar la identificación precoz de enfermedad cardiovascular en la mujer.

La privatización de la gestión sanitaria: efecto secundario de la crisis y síntoma de mal gobierno. Informe SESPAS 2014

Gaceta Sanitaria, vol. 28(S1), pp. 75 – 80.

Autores: Fernando I. Sánchez Martínez, José María Abellán Perpiñán, Juan Oliva-Moreno.

Resumen

Con frecuencia se asegura que la gestión pública de los centros sanitarios es ineficiente. A partir de esta premisa, no contrastada, se argumenta la necesidad de introducir elementos privatizadores en la gestión. En este artículo se revisa la evidencia disponible, a escala nacional e internacional, acerca de la aplicación de mecanismos de gestión privada en sistemas predominantemente públicos similares al Sistema Nacional de Salud español. Dicha evidencia sugiere que la gestión privada de los servicios sanitarios no es necesariamente mejor que la gestión pública, ni tampoco lo contrario. La titularidad, pública o privada, de los centros sanitarios no determina sus resultados. Éstos, por el contrario, están mediatizados por otros elementos, tales como la cultura de los centros o el ejercicio de una adecuada supervisión por parte del financiador. El fomento de la competencia entre centros (con independencia de la forma jurídica de gestión) sí podría, sin embargo, ofrecer mejoras bajo determinadas circunstancias. Conviene, por tanto, abandonar cuanto antes el debate, estrecho de miras, en torno a qué modelo de gestión es superior, para concentrar los esfuerzos en mejorar la gestión misma de los servicios sanitarios. Entender que la calidad del gobierno afecta a las políticas de salud, a la gestión de las organizaciones sanitarias y a la propia práctica clínica es el requisito, quizás no suficiente, pero sin duda imprescindible, para avanzar en políticas que favorezcan la solvencia del sistema.

Abstract

It is often asserted that public management of healthcare facilities is inefficient. On the basis of that unproven claim, it is argued that privatization schemes are needed. In this article we review the available evidence, in Spain and other countries, on the application of private management mechanisms to publicly funded systems similar to the Spanish national health system. The evidence suggests that private management of healthcare services is not necessarily better than public management, nor vice versa. Ownership—whether public or private—of health care centers does not determine their performance which, on the contrary, depends on other factors, such as the workplace culture or the practice of suitable monitoring by the public payer. Promoting competition among centers (irrespective of the specific legal form of the management arrangements), however, could indeed lead to improvements under some circumstances. Therefore, it is advisable to cease the narrow-minded debate on the superiority of one or other model in order to focus on improving healthcare services management per se. Understanding that good governance affects health policies, the management of health care organizations, and clinical practice is, undoubtedly, an essential requirement but may not necessarily lead to policies that stimulate the solvency of the system.

Economic evaluation of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, vol. 27, pp. 867 – 880.

Autores: José Cruzado, Fernando Ignacio Sánchez, José María Abellán, Francisco Pérez-Riquelme, Fernando Carballo.

Abstract

Because of its incidence and mortality colorectal cancer represents a serious public health issue in industrial countries. In order to reduce its social impact a number of screening strategies have been implemented, which allow an early diagnosis and treatment. These basically include faecal tests and studies that directly explore the colon and rectum. No strategy, whether alone or combined, has proven definitively more effective than the rest, but any such strategy is better than no screening at all. Selecting the most efficient strategy for inclusion in a population-wide program is an uncertain choice. Here we review the evidence available on the various economic evaluations, and conclude that no single method has been clearly identified as most cost-effective; further research in this setting is needed once common economic evaluation standards are established in order to alleviate the methodological heterogeneity prevailing in study results.

Lowering the ‘floor’ of the SF-6D scoring algorithm using a lottery equivalent method

Health Economics, vol. 21, pp. 1271 – 1285.

Autores: José María Abellán Perpiñán, Fernando Ignacio Sánchez Martínez, Jorge Eduardo Martínez Pérez, Ildefonso Méndez.

Summary

This paper presents a new scoring algorithm for the SF-6D, one of the most popular preference-based health status measures. Previous SF-6D value sets have a minimum (a floor), which is substantially higher than the lowest value generated by the EQ-5D model. Our algorithm expands the range of SF-6D utility scores in such a way that the floor is significantly lowered. We obtain the wider range because of the use of a lottery equivalent method through which preferences from a representative sample of Spanish general population are elicited.